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Orthopedics

Knee pain and arthritis

Knee pain that builds up over months is most often osteoarthritis, wear of the cartilage inside the joint. It is common after 45, and much of it can be managed without surgery.

Draft: awaiting review by Dr. Swapnil Shah.

Common signs

  • Pain when climbing stairs or getting up from the floor
  • Stiffness in the morning that eases within half an hour
  • Swelling or a creaking feel in the knee
  • Knees slowly bowing outward

See the doctor if

  • Pain lasting more than a few weeks
  • Pain that disturbs sleep or daily work
  • Swelling that keeps coming back
  • The knee locks or gives way

Go to a hospital or call 108 now if:

  • A hot, red, swollen knee with fever
  • You cannot put any weight on the leg after an injury

At the clinic

The doctor examines the knee and may ask for a standing X-ray. Treatment usually starts with thigh-muscle exercises, weight control, physiotherapy and pain relief. Injections or surgery, including knee replacement, are discussed only if these do not help.